Thursday, 14 April 2016

Falling into Nastiness

Jonathan Swift's Resolutions When I Come to be Old  are 'reproduced by photostat from the manuscript at South Kensington' as the Oxford University Press edition of his Satires and Personal Writings admits with appealing modesty). There are 17 Resolutions, and I reckon I've already failed to live up to ten of them. But it's not too late to reform, and Swift is the best of mentors. Who, after al, wants to fall into 'Nastiness'? Here they are, in full:

   Not to marry a young Woman. 

   Not to keep young Company unless they really desire it. 

   Not to be peevish or morose, or suspicious. 

   Not to scorn present Ways, or Wits, or Fashions, or Men, or War, etc. 

   Not be fond of Children, or let them come near me hardly. 

   Not tell the same Story over and over to the same People. 

   Not to be covetous. 

   Not to neglect decency, or cleanliness, for fear of falling into Nastiness. 

   Not to be over severe with young People, but give Allowances for their youthfull follies, and 
   Weaknesses. 

   Not to be influenced by, or give ear to knavish tattling Servants, or others. 

   Not to be too free of advise nor trouble any but those that desire it. 

   Not to desire some good Friends to inform me which of these Resolutions I break, or neglect, &    
   wherein; and reform accordingly. 

   Not to talk much, nor of my self. 

   Not to boast of my former beauty, or strength, or favour with Ladies, etc. 

   Not to hearken to Flatteries, nor conceive I can be beloved by a young woman. et eos qui hereditatem 
   captant odisse ac vitare. 

   Not to be positive or opinionated. 

   Sett up for observing all these Rules, for fear I should observe none.

Wednesday, 13 April 2016

On Odilon Redon and Guy Maddin

One of my favourite film makers is the Canadian Guy Maddin - and I've blogged about him before.

One of my favourite 19th century painters is Odilon Redon, and I haven't blogged about him before. So you can imagine my delight on discovering that Guy Maddin shot a very short film in 1995 called Odilon Redon or The Eye Like a Strange Balloon Mounts Toward Infinity.

Watch it here - four minutes very well spent.

Tuesday, 12 April 2016

Mark E. Smith und Bruno Ganz

Here's a poem from Andrew Elliot's excellent collection Mortality Rate (CB editions, 2013). I know nothing about the poet (and nor, intriguingly, does his publisher, who has never even met him), although I read somewhere that he comes from Northern Ireland and now lives in London. His first two collections, The Creationists (1988) and Lung Soup (2009) were published by the Belfast firm Blackstaff Press. He never does readings and, books aside, has no presence on the internet. I've just ordered a copy of Lung Soup from abe.com and will report back. All the signs are good: the poet and novelist Ciaran Carson wrote: ‘Lung Soup is a tour de force: nearer perhaps to the prose of Thomas Pynchon or Italo Calvino in its play with genre than any I can think of.’ But back to today's poem, which is called 'Angel':

Angel

When people come up to me in the street -
it happens most often in Manchester -
with their hands all ready mine to shake
and tell me to my face, You're great, you are!

I just completely blank them, wincing at the stuff
like, Grumpy cunt! which they feel free to gob
at my back (bent though it be in an old brown mac),
half wanting to snarl at them over my shoulder . . .

Instead, I comfort myself in the knowledge
that they, being wrong, and not to know,
have most likely mistook me for Mark E. Smith
who has come to resemble, not so much Hitler

as the actor who nailed him in Downfall
(whose name I can't remember) but who had,
until then, been perhaps best known
for his angel in Wings of Desire.

(Admirable, the clunky gaucheness of: 'their hands all ready mine to shake'.)

I suppose sooner or later we all get to look a bit like Mark E. Smith (who in turn seems to be channeling not so much the actor who nailed Hitler in Downfall as  the self-destructive snooker genius Alex 'Hurricane' Higgins in his later years). I saw Smith's band The Fall perform many times in Manchester in the late 1970s - a hard-working unpredictable combo with Smith's ramshackle genius holding things together, prowling the stage, supping pints, sneering and snarling eloquently, looking intense and ill and eaten away. Now that Manchester has been botox'd into a shiny simulacrum of the run-down, grimy post-industrial city I remember, Mark E. Smith's face is a living record of the place as it used to be, an accusation.

If you're an admirer of The Fall then you should certainly get a copy of Mortality Rate. And if you're not an admirer of The Fall you should get more than one copy, because you're likely to enjoy it, and want to pass copies on to friends.

In 'Angel' Smith and Hitler already jostle for the reader's attention, and a third named man would overcrowd the poem, so Elliott shrewdly chooses not to remember the actor who played Hitler in Downfall and one of the angels in Wim Wenders' Wings of Desire. It was was Bruno Ganz, of course. I suppose he's best known (at least outside Germany) for these two films, but any cinephile with roots in the late 1970s, and especially any cinephile living close to the Aaben cinema in Manchester's Hulme district, would have known Ganz for his 1977 appearance with Dennis Hopper in Wim Wenders' American Friend (adapted from Patricia Highsmith's novel Ripley's Game) and for his appearance two years later opposite Klaus Kinski in Werner Herzog’s Nosferatu. Wenders (and Herzog and Rainer Werner Fassbender and others) were art house staples in the decades before video and DVD killed cinema.

The Aaben has long been demolished, along with the run-down brutalist Hulme estate within which it nestled. It was a stone's throw from The Factory, a now-legendary music venue known locally as the PSV Club, a hang-out for off-duty bus crews. The Aaben had four screens separated by paper-thin walls, so you could hear other films playing in adjacent studios. It was a dank place, the once-plush seats lumpy, the carpets sticky. There was a cafe selling egg sandwiches and instant coffee, and smoking wasn't so much tolerated as obligatory. It was here I had my real education, seeing hundreds of films old and new, from Renoir and Ophuls to Indiana Jones. It was like heaven and one could imagine angels from Wenders' Der Himmel über Berlin (we'd always insist on the original title, we earnest Mancunian cinephiles) crouched singly, silently, in the pungent stalls.




I remember seeing Mark E. Smith in the dim-lit and aromatic lobby more than once. Tall, stooped and intense, smoking of course (we all were) and, in that pre-celebrity era, a celebrity. He had a cackling wheezy laugh and smoked (then, at least) in a way I came to associate with Manchester, the fag cupped in the hand against the wind (even indoors, and especially indoors). The Fall, after countless changes to the line-up, are still fronted by the weather-beaten, rasping Smith, and still (whenever I hear them) astonishingly original.

Angel © Andrew Elliot / CB editions

Monday, 11 April 2016

The Bony King of Nowhere

So many public figures today remind me of this lovely song, a childhood memory from the never-fading Bagpuss.  It's performed by Sandra Kerr and John Faulkner.

Only thirteen episodes of Bagpuss were made, and originally broadcast between February and May 1974, at lunchtimes as I recall. At the age of 14 I was really too old to be part of the programme's target audience but recognised quality when I saw it and loved (and continue to love) the voice of the narrator Oliver Postgate. I've watched all the episodes many times with my own son. 

Postgate (a figure in children's' literature without peer) and the animator Peter Firmin collaborated as Smallfilms to produce a substantial body of work, all of it enchanting - Pogle's Wood! Clangers! Noggin the Nog!  Ivor the Engine! But Bagpuss was the best of the lot.

Bagpuss himself was "a saggy, old cloth cat, baggy, and a bit loose at the seams', but his owner, Emily, loved him. He lived in the window of a junk shop with some other chums - a rag doll (Madeleine), a banjo-pluclking frog (Gabriel), a pedantic wooden woodpecker (Professor Yaffle, whose voice Postgate reportedly based on that of Bertrand Russell) and, of course, the irritating mice decorating the mouse organ. At the start of each episode Bagpuss would be awoken from his slumbers by Emily with this rhyme:

Bagpuss, dear Bagpuss
Old Fat Furry Catpuss
Wake up and look at this thing that I bring
Wake up, be bright, be golden and light
Bagpuss, oh hear what I sing

After which a mystery object would be introduced, usually in poor condition, donnishly identified by Yaffle then carefully restored by the mice singing a roundelay ("We will fix it! We will fix it'). The stories would follow,  told by Postgate and accompanied by traditional songs, usually performed by Kerr and Faulkener..

Watch a full episode of Bagpuss called The Owls of Athens (a particular favourite) Rich and strange, and perfect in its way.

Sunday, 10 April 2016

33 novels

Anthony Burgess grouped his 99 novels by decade and I've adapted his approach below, but have restricted myself to one novel for each year. I can see why Burgess chose to cluster (for instance) several novels published in the same year together within a decade, because there were years in which nothing of any interest was published. I found the same problem in the decades since the 1980s, as you will see.

Like Burgess, I have avoided works in translation (so there's no Sebald or Houellebecq or Karl Ove Knausgård), collections of short stories (although I've made one exception) and children's fiction (which means that Philip Pullman, a fine writer by any standards, doesn't make the final cut). Also I'm not interested here in blockbuster best-sellers (but again with one exception), genre fiction (reluctantly omitting William Gibson's Neuromancer, for instance, the forerunner of cyberpunk) and books written in earlier decades but only published later (so no Dream of Fair to Middling Women, written in 1932 but only published sixty years later). And there are no graphic novels (much as I admire Dan Clowes, Alan Moore, Chris Ware and other practitioners).

After 1983 - the cut-off point in Burgess's original list - one is immediately spoilt for choice. How about this lot, all published in 1984, which seemed an average year at the time but now appears among the best of any since the twenties.

 Gilbert Adair  Alice Through the Needle's Eye
Anthony Burgess  Enderby's Dark Lady, or, No End to Enderby
Julian Barnes  Flaubert's Parrot
 J. G. Ballard  Empire of the Sun
William Gibson  Neuromancer 
James Kelman The Busconductor Hynes
Iain Banks  The Wasp Factory
Alasdair Gray 1982, Janine

How about that? Although it may just be worth pointing out that the peculiar (and now declining) British tradition of publishing novels first in hardback and, around nine months to a year later, in paperback (if they sell well), means that most of the books listed below came my way at least a year after publication I rarely bought hardbacks then, or now come to that. Too expensive.). And the decade continued with some other other terrific publications, as you will see in a moment

The 1980s were a particularly rich period for anglophone fiction and my choice could have been twice as long with no drop in quality. Pressed to select just one book for each year is a tough call - but I'm getting ahead of myself. It is now 33 years since Burgess published his list, so my list of 33 novels amounts to a third of the original Burgess tally.  After some (but not much) thought I came up with the following. Ready?

1980s (part 2)

1984 - Alasdair Gray 1982, Janine
1985 - Margaret Attwood A Handmaid's Tale
1986 - Kingsley Amis The Old Devils
1987 - Tom Wolfe The Bonfire of the Vanities
1988 - Salman Rushdie The Satanic Verses
1989 - Martin Amis  London Fields

1990s

1990 - Nicholson Baker Room Temperature 
1991 - Gordon Burn Alma Cogan
1992 - Gilbert Adair The Death of the Author 
1993 - Vikram Seth A Suitable Boy
1994 - Peter Ackroyd Dan Leno and the Limehouse Golem
1995 - Pat Barker The Ghost Road (part of the Regeneration trilogy)
1996 - Elizabeth McCracken The Giant's House
1997 - Don DeLillo Underworld
1998 - Salman Rushdie The Satanic Verses
1999 - Can you believe that the only novel published in 1999 I've read is White Teeth by Zadie Smith? And I shan't include it here because I think it's a terrible book. So I'll do a Burgess and chose a second novel from the decade: Donna Tartt's The Secret History (1992). It's the only novel I know which explores - excruciatingly - the subject of intense and all-consuming remorse.

2000s

2000 - Lorna Sage Bad Blood (strictly speaking a memoir, but has the hallmarks of fiction and there's nothing much published in 2000 that makes the grade).
2001 - Oh dear. See the note above for 1999. I can't find anything that I admire from this year or the next three years, and later in the decade we hit another fallow period in 2006 that continues until the triumphant arrival of Eimear McBride in 2013 (with a novel she'd written nine years earlier, begging the question whether A Girl Is a Half-formed Thing should really be dated 2004, a contemporary of Marianne Robinson's Gilead. Post-McBride (and my book About a Girl suggest this is no mere coincidence) things pick up in the 2010s and we are currently, it seems to me, living through the richest period for experimental ground-breaking fiction since the Modernist heyday of the 1920s.

2004 - Marilynne Robinson Gilead 
2005 - Tom McCarthy Remainder
2006 - see 2001
2007 - see 2006
2008 - see 2007
2009 - see 2008

2010s

2010 - see 2009
2011 - see 2010
2012 - see 2011. You can imagine, given the fallow period, the impact of the next book on a critic who had all but given up on modern fiction. Humdrum middlebrow well-crafted anodyne pap. Then, out of the blue:
2013 - Eimear McBride A Girl Is a Half-formed Thing
2014 - Jenny Offill Dept. of Speculation
2015 - Alex Pheby Playthings
2016 - Claire-Louise Bennet Pond (although it's too early in the year to call, and this is strictly speaking a collection of short stories) Harry Parker's Anatomy of a Soldier strikes me as a likely novel of the year.

And there you have it. I hadn't realised how long and dire the period was before 2013. I've thought a lot about it now, and although some of the novels published in these lean years are by no means negligible they fail to pass muster when it comes to compiling a list as convincing as that made by Anthony Burgess. But the last few years have seen a rise in the number of small independent publishers willing to take risks with uncommercial writing - three of the four final novels come from the plucky independents Galley Beggar Press and Fitzcarraldo Editions.

I already have second thoughts about some of my choices, and expect you do too. That's fine by me, But what the is list confirms (to me, at any rate) is that the anglophone novel was, until quite recently, in the doldrums, dominated by well-crafted humdrum overblown middlebrow heavyweight slop, and that we are now - perhaps briefly - living through a golden age of experimental, uncommercial writing. Something wildly strange and wonderful is happening to fiction in the hands of writers still in their twenties and thirties. It's a good time to be reading.

Saturday, 9 April 2016

99 novels


Anthony Burgess was a looming and beneficent cultural presence throughout my adolescence, and the first serious modern novelist I read in quantity. He was the kind of public intellectual we don't see much any more - always smoking slender cheroots, sporting a combover that would make Donald Trump's cloudy pompadour look lifelike and talking ten to the dozen about everything under the sun, in several languages, often simultaneously. Polymath essayist, critic, cultural pundit, screenwriter, eloquent champion of Joyce and other highbrow modernist authors, composer (which he perversely insisted was his true vocation) and much else besides. He was a one-man cohort. I note that February 2017 will be the centenary of his birth and I expect there are big plans to mark the occasion, although I don't imagine the Post Office is about to issue a set of stamps.

Is he read much these days? I suspect not. He's too clever, too wide-ranging and impersonal, too erudite. He expects a lot from his readers, and even meeting him half way can be an effort. He would have benefitted from tougher editing - the later books became baggier and he was prone to repeat himself (hardly unexpected, given his prodigious output). The Roger Lewis biography in 2002 both nailed and skewered him and I wonder whether his reputation will ever fully recover. Lewis developed a bilious loathing for his quondam literary hero and the biography was a spiteful 500-page hatchet job, the Prologue alone describing the subject as lubricious, sentimental, callous, superficial, crapulous, arcane, laborious, sanctimonious and "essentially a fake". Perhaps we should stick to the books and ignore the messy life.

In March 1985 Burgess published a little firework of a pot-boiler (if such a thing is possible) entitled Ninety-Nine Novels: The Best in English since 1939. His highly subjective but critically generous choice appears in full below.




There are not a few omissions, not least of some fine novels by Burgess himself (Nothing Like the Sun is a brilliant biography of Shakespeare written in Elizabethan vernacular; A Clockwork Orange used to be the book we all read, an equivalent to Catcher in the Rye and To Kill a Mockingbird). He restricts himself to works published first in English, which explains the lack of novels in translation. Fair enough - and I'll follow this self-imposed constraint when I blog more about this tomorrow.

Below is the full Burgess list. In an access of candour I've highlighted the 45 I haven't read (and in some cases, I'm ashamed to say, never even heard of). I find I've read 54 of the 99 (if Anthony Powell 's 12-volume sequence A Dance to the Music of Time counts as one, which it surely shouldn't) This is not particularly impressive for somebody who aims to earn a crust as a reviewer, but then you can't read everything (unless you're D. J. Taylor). Ready? 

1930s
1939 – Henry Green Party Going 
1939 – Aldous Huxley  After Many a Summer 
1939 – James Joyce  Finnegans Wake 
1939 – Flann O'Brien  At Swim-Two-Birds

1940s
1940 – Graham Greene  The Power and the Glory
1940 – Ernest Hemingway For Whom the Bell Tolls
1940 – C. P. Snow  Strangers and Brothers
1941 – Rex Warner  The Aerodrome
1944 – Joyce Cary  The Horse's Mouth 
1944 – W. Somerset Maugham The Razor's Edge
1945 – Evelyn Waugh  Brideshead Revisited
1946 – Mervyn Peake Titus Groan
1947 – Saul Bellow The Victim
1947 – Malcolm Lowry Under the Volcano
1949 – Elizabeth Bowen  The Heat of the Day 
1948 – Graham Greene  The Heart of the Matter
1948 – Aldous Huxley  Ape and Essence
1948 – Nevil Shute  No Highway
1948 – Norman Mailer The Naked and the Dead
1949 – George Orwell  Nineteen Eighty-Four 
1949 – William Sansom  The Body

1950s
1950 – William Cooper  Scenes from Provincial Life 
1950 – Budd Schulberg  The Disenchanted 
1951 – Anthony Powell  A Dance to the Music of Time 
1951 – J. D. Salinger  The Catcher in the Rye
1951 – Henry Williamson  A Chronicle of Ancient Sunlight
1951 – Herman Wouk  The Caine Mutiny
1952 – Ralph Ellison  Invisible Man
1952 – Ernest Hemingway  The Old Man and the Sea
1952 – Mary McCarthy  The Groves of Academe
1952 – Flannery O'Connor  Wise Blood
1952 – Evelyn Waugh  Sword of Honour
1953 – Raymond Chandler The Long Goodbye
1954 – Kingsley Amis  Lucky Jim 
1957 – John Braine  Room at the Top
1957 – Lawrence Durrell  The Alexandria Quartet 
1957 – Colin MacInnes  The London Novels
1957 – Bernard Malamud  The Assistant 
1958 – Iris Murdoch  The Bell
1958 – Alan Sillitoe Saturday Night and Sunday Morning 
1958 – T. H. White  The Once and Future King
1959 – William Faulkner  The Mansion
1959 – Ian Fleming  Goldfinger 

1960s 
1960 – L. P. Hartley  Facial Justice
1960 – Olivia Manning  The Balkan Trilogy 
1961 – Ivy Compton-Burnett  The Mighty and Their Fall
1961 – Joseph Heller  Catch-22
1961 – Richard Hughes  The Fox in the Attic
1961 – Patrick White Riders in the Chariot
1961 – Angus Wilson  The Old Men at the Zoo 
1962 – James Baldwin  Another Country
1962 – Aldous Huxley  Island
1962 – Pamela Hansford Johnson  An Error of Judgement
1962 – Doris Lessing  The Golden Notebook
1962 – Vladimir Nabokov  Pale Fire
1963 – Muriel Spark  The Girls of Slender Means
1964 – William Golding  The Spire
1964 – Wilson Harris  Heartland
1964 – Christopher Isherwood  A Single Man
1964 – Vladimir Nabokov  The Defense
1964 – Angus Wilson  Late Call
1965 – John O'Hara  The Lockwood Concern
1965 – Muriel Spark  The Mandelbaum Gate
1966 – Chinua Achebe  A Man of the People
1966 – Kingsley Amis  The Anti-Death League
1966 – John Barth  Giles Goat-Boy
1966 – Nadine Gordimer  The Late Bourgeois World
1966 – Walker Percy  The Last Gentleman
1967 – R. K. Narayan  The Vendor of Sweets 
1968 – J. B. Priestley  The Image Men
1968 – Mordecai Richler  Cocksure
1968 – Keith Roberts  Pavane
1969 – John Fowles  The French Lieutenant's Woman 
1969 – Philip Roth  Portnoy's Complaint

1970s
1970 – Len Deighton  Bomber
1973 – Michael Frayn  Sweet Dreams
1973 – Thomas Pynchon  Gravity's Rainbow
1975 – Saul Bellow Humboldt's Gift 
1975 – Malcolm Bradbury  The History Man
1976 – Robert Nye  Falstaff 
1977 – Erica Jong  How to Save Your Own Life
1977 – James Plunkett  Farewell Companions
1977 – Paul Mark Scott  Staying On
1978 – John Updike  The Coup
1979 – J. G. Ballard  The Unlimited Dream Company 
1979 – Bernard Malamud  Dubin's Lives 
1979 – Brian Moore  The Doctor's Wife
1979 – V. S. Naipaul  A Bend in the River
1979 – William Styron  Sophie's Choice 

1980s
1980 – Brian Aldiss  Life in the West
1980 – Russell Hoban  Riddley Walker 
1980 – David Lodge  How Far Can You Go?
1980 – John Kennedy Toole  A Confederacy of Dunces 
1981 – Alasdair Gray  Lanark
1981 – Alexander Theroux  Darconville's Cat 
1981 – Paul Theroux  The Mosquito Coast
1981 – Gore Vidal  Creation
1982 – Robertson Davies  The Rebel Angels 
1983 – Norman Mailer Ancient Evenings

The Burgess list ends here, with a flurry of titles that continue to evade my interest or repel my attention. Lanark and Riddley Walker aside (both of which I've re-read several times with increasing admiration), I'm not missing anything much, am I?.

Odd that Burgess includes Nabokov's novel Defence (first published in Russian in 1930 as Zashchita Luzhina) but not Lolita (1955). But let's not quibble over omissions, for now. Let's not even mention in passing the startling absence of Vonnegut, say, and Pynchon.

I'm struck by how few of Burgess's choice of novels from the 1970s I've read. Admittedly I was a schoolboy and later an undergraduate throughout the decade, with very little time for serious reading, or at least very little time for reading contemporary fiction. But it's not a compelling list, is it? The first half of the 1980s isn't much better, although it does feature one of the great novels of my lifetime, Alasdair Gray's magnificent Lanark. But things improve dramatically in the second half of the decade. Invited (by myself) to choose a further 33 novels covering the three decades since 1983, I gladly accepted the challenge. It turned out to be much harder than I though it would. You can see the shocking results tomorrow.

Friday, 8 April 2016

Transport for London's vision of the future

'Enzo's goal is to expand his pizza restaurant into a new area. The Northern Line extension will create a larger community with thousands of new customers.'

I can't show you a picture of Enzo, so let's carry on.

'Hanna's ambition is to lead on one of London's largest engineering projects'.

Here's Hanna:


© Transport for London

'Romanne dreams of singing to a sold out [sic] Olympic Stadium. And when she does, we'll help her fans to get to Stratford in under 30 minutes on the Elizabeth Line'.

Here's Romanne:

© Transport for London


Transport for London's current campaign ('Transporting Londoners into the Future') appears on large posters throughout the Underground system. Each poster features an image of two Enzos, or Hannas, or Romannes.  The younger (and we assume contemporary) version holds a photograph of themselves later in life, when - we are invited to suppose - they have achieved their respective goal, ambition or dream, all thanks to Tf:L's investment in the capital's rail infrastructure. 

Enzo, Hanna and Romanne are not real Londoners. The choice of models is thoughtful - young Enzo in his t-shirt is a good-looking Italian guy (Italians make pizza, you see - it's what they do), and his future self is a sharp-suited successful entrepreneur; Hanna clearly has a bit of 'attitude' (her hair is dyed the colour of Ribena, her off-the-shoulder top suggests a certain sloppy combativeness), but the link between the slightly wild Hanna of today and the future Hanna is confirmed by the colour of their respective outfits, both in high-visibility orange. And Romanne? A very attractive black girl in her early teens, wearing the same colour purple as her hypothetical stadium-filling adult counterpart (they are linked further by the smile, the tilt of the head, the camera angle, bracelets and - slightly unsettling this - what appears to be exactly the same photoshopped hair. Romanne's future incarnation looks more like a successful businesswoman than the type of singer who can fill  a huge auditorium - the opposite of, say, Rhianna (whose name is close enough in sound and stress to imply a cultural linkage with Romanne). Perhaps in the future girl singers will be less lewd. Perhaps in the future people will have dreams that exceed the imagination of copywriters. Perhaps in the futire Enzo could be an engineer, Hanna a restauranter: and Romanne . . .  well, let's take a closer look at our three Londoners.

Ever alert on your behalf for instances of dubious writing I note, for what it's worth, that while Enzo has a goal and Hanna has an ambition, Romanne has a dream (and I'm sure any reference to Martin Luther King's great speech is purely coincidental). Romanne's dream is not a modest one. She wants to fill a stadium with fans who will pay to hear her sing. Not a gig at Ronnie Scotts on her way up or down but straight in at the top, a giddy elevation of the type popularised by telly talent shows. She wants to be a celebrity - and who doesn't? Show business is always a good career choice for an impressionable teenager, and these days as risk-free as engineering and catering. Perhaps Hanna in particular should train to be an actress so she has something to fall back on if her engineering career doesn't take off. I'm delighted to see Transport for London's copywriters endorsing Romanne's dream, despite the heartbreaking distance between her dream, Hanna's ambition and Enzo's goal. Dreams cannot be criticised, or evaluated and assessed, or form a plausible part of a CV; nor can they be realised through recognised training and vocational qualifications. The choice of a child to represent Romanne in the TfL campaign is because children have dreams while grown ups are expected to have  objectively assessable ambitions and goals, are  focussed on the future, are 'target-oriented'.

Life soon knocks the dreams out of us. Most Londoners using the Northern Line extension or the Elizabeth Line (formerly known as Crossrail) will be working stiffs like myself, barely able to afford their season tickets. We won't bump into Enzo, Hanna and Romanne on the tube to Tottenham Court Road.

Images and text © Transport for London